Contents

Dedication
Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations

Part I: Foundation

Introduction: “Nature” in Anthropological Theories

Chapter 1. Inhabitants of the Universe

Part II: “Japanese Nature” by the Elite

Chapter 2. Rice Paddies with Pure Water: Birth of “Japanese Nature” in Early Nara Period (710-794 AD)
Chapter 3. Agrarian Four Seasons to Culturally Defined Four Seasons: Late Nara Period (710-794) and Heian Period (794-1185)
Chapter 4. Rock Garden as “Japanese Nature: Medieval Period (1185-1603)

Part III: “Nature” as the Symbol of the Japanese Collective Self

Chapter 5. Rice Paddies, Cherry Blossoms, and Mount Fuji as “Japanese Nature”: Edo Period (1603-1867)
Chapter 6. Nationalization and Militarization of “Japanese Nature”: Modern Period (1868-1945)

Part IV: “Nature” Consumed

Chapter 7. Domestication/Commodification of “Japanese Nature”: Contemporary Period (after 1945)
Chapter 8. Rice as Pure Money: Cultural Bases for Consumerism.

Conclusion

References
Index